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Control of the live system

AI production assurance

Establish what is actually running, detect what changes and give the competent authority the evidence required to keep, restrict or stop the service.

Engagement at a glance
Object monitored
Identified service, version, population and window
Trigger
Signal, change, incident or risk-based review
Authority
Explicit power to keep, restrict, stop and resume
Record
Baseline, measure, decision, action and closure verification

Evidence principle

A signal without a baseline or authority supports no decision

A metric may move without the service degrading; it may also stay stable while a use, population or component changes. We first identify the object actually in service, then connect every observation to an approved limit, an empowered person and an executable action.

Assurance covers the complete socio-technical system: model, data, rules, interfaces, suppliers, people, procedures and effects. It is not the accumulation of alerts in a dashboard.

Active baseline

Freeze the version delivering the approved service

The baseline is a versioned, dated and accepted state. It makes it possible to establish what changed and whether observed results remain comparable.

  • Service — intended purpose, supported decision and expected result
  • Configuration — model, data, prompts, rules, interfaces and dependencies
  • Scope — authorised users, populations, channels, regions and cases
  • Performance — business and technical metrics with a measurement protocol
  • Limits — foreseeable misuse, exclusions and degraded conditions
  • Authority — people empowered to restrict, stop and authorise recovery

Monitoring scope

Observe the whole service, not only the model

We select signals from the risks and intended purpose. Each domain may combine automated measures, sampling, human review, user feedback and external events.

  • Function — quality of the result against the expected service
  • Operations — availability, latency, capacity and degraded mode
  • Human — corrections, appeals, workarounds and oversight burden
  • Security — access, attacks, misuse, secrets and dependency chain
  • Compliance — instructions for use, logs, controls and applicable duties
  • Effects — harm, differential treatment and unexpected consequences

Control chain

Connect the measurement to an action that can actually be executed

A control is incomplete when the team can measure but does not know who decides. Population, window and signal quality are fixed before the threshold; action and authority are fixed before the alert.

  • Observe — collect a traceable signal over a defined population and window
  • Compare — test the measurement against the baseline and its known limits
  • Qualify — assess severity, uncertainty and the extent of the effect
  • Decide — keep, restrict or stop through the empowered authority
  • Verify — check the action, residual risk and conditions for recovery

Change

Treat every modification as a new hypothesis to test

An unchanged model does not guarantee an unchanged service. A change to data, prompts, interfaces, business rules, suppliers, populations or oversight may invalidate the baseline.

Minimum qualification for a production change

Change observedControl questionEvidence before release
Component or versionDoes behaviour or the execution chain change?Manifest, targeted tests and release decision
Data or populationDoes the baseline remain representative?Compared profile, limits and revised threshold where needed
Use or interfaceDoes the human decision or business effect change?Tested journey, informed authority and updated instructions
Supplier or contractDo access, logs, limits or remedies change?Impact analysis, continuity test and acceptance of the residual

Component or version

Control question
Does behaviour or the execution chain change?
Evidence before release
Manifest, targeted tests and release decision

Data or population

Control question
Does the baseline remain representative?
Evidence before release
Compared profile, limits and revised threshold where needed

Use or interface

Control question
Does the human decision or business effect change?
Evidence before release
Tested journey, informed authority and updated instructions

Supplier or contract

Control question
Do access, logs, limits or remedies change?
Evidence before release
Impact analysis, continuity test and acceptance of the residual

Incident and recovery

Preserve the facts before correcting

The need to react quickly must not destroy the information required to understand the event. The incident route separates immediate protection, fact-finding, regulatory qualification, correction and authorisation to resume.

  • Detect — timestamp the signal and identify its source
  • Preserve — freeze useful logs, versions, inputs and outputs
  • Contain — protect people and limit or suspend use
  • Qualify — assess extent, severity and causal connection
  • Inform — activate applicable internal, contractual and regulatory routes
  • Correct — document the cause, action and regression test
  • Recover — submit the test and residual risk to the empowered authority

EU AI Act

Distinguish the provider’s duty from the deployer’s

For high-risk AI systems, duties depend on the actual role of each entity and on the facts. The method preserves that distinction in the controls and information routes.

Operational reading of EU AI Act Articles 26, 72 and 73

ProvisionObjectOperational consequence
Article 26Duties of a deployer of a high-risk systemMonitor according to the instructions for use, retain logs under its control and inform or suspend where the conditions are met
Article 72Provider post-market monitoringActively collect, document and analyse relevant data throughout the system lifetime under a documented plan
Article 73Serious-incident reportingQualify the route, preserve the investigation and meet the time limit applicable to the situation

Article 26

Object
Duties of a deployer of a high-risk system
Operational consequence
Monitor according to the instructions for use, retain logs under its control and inform or suspend where the conditions are met

Article 72

Object
Provider post-market monitoring
Operational consequence
Actively collect, document and analyse relevant data throughout the system lifetime under a documented plan

Article 73

Object
Serious-incident reporting
Operational consequence
Qualify the route, preserve the investigation and meet the time limit applicable to the situation

Decision record

Conclude without reducing the system to a score

We deliver a versioned production baseline, the control register, results and limitations, findings, decisions and the recovery protocol. Future cadence is justified by the speed of risk, response capacity, changes and applicable duties.

  • Keep — the service remains within the approved scope, with assigned reservations
  • Restrict — the capability, population, channel or version is limited until evidence of return
  • Stop — the system enters its defined safe state: manual mode, rollback, suspension or withdrawal

Sources and references

Frequently asked questions

Is a dashboard enough to monitor an AI system?

No. It displays signals. Assurance also requires a production baseline, accepted thresholds, an owner and a predefined decision when a threshold is crossed.

When should the system be reassessed?

At the frequency set by the risk level, and after any significant change of model, data, use, interface or supplier, as well as after an incident or a threshold breach.

Who carries the monitoring duties under the EU AI Act?

The role must be established first. For high-risk systems, Article 72 governs provider post-market monitoring; Article 26 includes monitoring and information duties for deployers.

Production assurance

Which decision can your control system make today?

Present the system, its version and the signal that concerns you. We identify the first evidence to establish and the authority to convene.

Scope the review